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In the Hunt: A Submarine Shoot-’Em-Up for Arcade and PSX

  Release Dates and Platforms In the Hunt debuted in arcades in April 1993 and was later ported to home consoles and PC throughout the mid-1990s. In 2019, Hamster’s Arcade Archives series brought it to modern platforms like Nintendo Switch and PlayStation 4. Platform Release Date Region Arcade April 1993 Worldwide PlayStation 10 Nov 1995 Japan PlayStation 22 Mar 1996 North America PlayStation 1996 Europe Sega Saturn 15 Dec 1995 Japan Sega Saturn 4 Jun 1996 North America Sega Saturn June 1996 Europe Windows (PC) March 1997 Japan Switch, PS4 2019 Digital re-release Game Story Post-apocalyptic Earth lies submerged after the Dark Anarchy Society (D.A.S.) melts the polar ice caps with magnetic doomsday devices. Survivors form the United Ocean Garrison and secretly build the Hydro Fober Grampus, codenamed “Granvia,” to infiltrate D.A.S. waters and destroy their superweapon “Yugusukyuure.” Depending on player count and continues used, the game offers four dramatically different endings, f...

microSD cards without secrets

 

How Do MicroSD Cards Work?

1. NAND Flash Memory:

    • MicroSD cards use NAND flash memory chips to store data.

    • These chips store data in the form of charges, using control and floating gates.

    • NAND is based on Electronically Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), allowing electronic programming and erasing.

    • Different types of NAND include:

      • Single-Level Cells (SLC): Store one bit per cell for faster data flow (expensive).

      • Multi-Level Cells (MLC): Store two bits per cell (slower but more economical).

      • Triple-Level Cells (TLC): Store three bits per cell (less powerful than SLC and MLC).

      • Quad-Level Cells (QLC): Store four bits per cell (slowest and cheapest).

      • 3D NAND: Multi-layered cells stacked for better endurance and performance.

        2. Data Storage & Retrieval:

    • Data is divided into sectors and distributed across memory cells.

    • No moving parts, allowing fast data transfer.

    • Micro SD cards work similarly to standard SD cards, using small-scale processors and NAND flash memory chips.

Remember, while manufacturers claim SD cards can last ten years, other factors like extreme temperatures, physical damage, or magnetic fields can impact their lifespan.

MicroSD Card Speeds

MicroSD cards come with different speed classes that indicate their performance capabilities. These speed classes help you choose the right card for your specific needs:

1. Speed Class (C-Class):

    • Denoted by a circular “C” symbol.

    • Four ratings within this class:

      • C2 (Class 2): Minimum write speed of 2MB/s.

      • C4 (Class 4): Minimum write speed of 4MB/s.

      • C6 (Class 6): Minimum write speed of 6MB/s.

      • C10 (Class 10): Minimum write speed of 10MB/s (industry standard).

  1. UHS Speed Class (UHS-I and UHS-II):

    • Denoted by a “U” symbol.

    • Two ratings within this class:

      • U1 (UHS Speed Class 1): Minimum write speed of 10MB/s.

      • U3 (UHS Speed Class 3): Minimum write speed of 30MB/s.

    • UHS-I cards have theoretical maximum transfer speeds up to 104MB/s, while UHS-II cards go up to 312MB/s.

      3. Video Speed Class:

    • Introduced for 4K-capable video recording devices.

    • Corresponds to minimum sustained writing performance for recording videos.

    • Examples of video formats and their necessary speeds:

      • 8K video: 90MB/s

      • 4K video: 60MB/s

      • Full HD / HD video: 30MB/s

      • Standard video: 10MB/s

    • U1 and U3 cards are often required for high-resolution video recording.

Why MicroSD Cards Fail with Video Storage

MicroSD cards can fail during video storage due to various reasons:

  • Write Endurance: Frequent video recording and overwriting can wear out the memory cells over time.

  • Heat: High temperatures can degrade card performance and lifespan.

  • Quality: Low-quality cards may have inconsistent performance or fail prematurely.

  • Compatibility: Some devices may not handle high-speed cards properly.

MicroSD Card Sizes

MicroSD cards come in different physical sizes:

  • Standard microSD: 15mm x 11mm x 1mm (most common).

  • microSDHC: High Capacity (up to 32GB).

  • microSDXC: Extended Capacity (above 32GB).

Types of MicroSD Cards

  1. Standard microSD: Used in various devices like smartphones, cameras, and drones.

  2. Industrial microSD: Designed for rugged environments (e.g., surveillance cameras).

  3. High-Endurance microSD: Optimized for continuous recording (dashcams, security cameras).

  4. Application-Specific microSD: Tailored for specific use cases (e.g., gaming consoles).

Remember to choose the right microSD card based on your device’s requirements and intended usage.



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